wolfssl/doc/dox_comments/header_files/puf.h

412 lines
14 KiB
C

/*!
\ingroup PUF
The SRAM PUF uses a configurable BCH(127,k,t) fuzzy extractor over GF(2^7)
with HKDF key derivation. WC_PUF_BCH_T selects the error-correction
strength (t=7, 10 default, 13, or 15) and WC_PUF_NUM_CODEWORDS (default 16)
trades SRAM footprint and helper-data size (WC_PUF_HELPER_BYTES) against
derived-key entropy. Only the (n - k) parity bits per codeword carry
information; the leading k bits of each helper codeword are identically
zero, so size OTP/flash accordingly. WC_PUF_HELPER_COMPACT stores only
those parity bits, shrinking helper data to 39-72% of the default. It
changes the stored format and so is opt-in; the default layout stays
compatible with helper data enrolled by wolfSSL 5.9.2.
Enrollment and reconstruction must use identical WC_PUF_BCH_T and
WC_PUF_NUM_CODEWORDS (and the same hash); persist WC_PUF_PROFILE_ID with
the helper data at enrollment and pass it to wc_PufReconstructEx, or
compare it against wc_PufGetProfileId(), to catch a build mismatch.
Every readout handed to wc_PufReadSram() is health tested first (see
wc_PufCheckSram). A degenerate readout - all zero, all ones, or a repeating
block - would otherwise pass cleanly through encoding, masking, decoding
and HKDF and derive a key that is the same on every device.
WC_PUF_HW_MIN_PCT and WC_PUF_HW_MAX_PCT (default 35 and 65) set the
Hamming-weight band the readout must fall inside.
The test rejects degenerate readouts, not every already-written region:
ordinary firmware content - .data copied from flash, a string table, a
previous boot stage - is identical on every device yet neither constant nor
strongly biased, so it can pass. Sampling the region from reset, before
.bss/.data initialization and before it is used as stack or heap, remains a
requirement of correct NOLOAD placement rather than something this test can
enforce.
For a complete bare-metal example (tested on NUCLEO-H563ZI), see
https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl-examples/tree/master/puf
*/
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Initialize a wc_PufCtx structure, zeroing all fields.
Must be called before any other PUF operations.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx is NULL
\param ctx pointer to wc_PufCtx structure to initialize
_Example_
\code
wc_PufCtx ctx;
ret = wc_PufInit(&ctx);
\endcode
\sa wc_PufReadSram
\sa wc_PufEnroll
\sa wc_PufZeroize
*/
int wc_PufInit(wc_PufCtx* ctx);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Read raw SRAM data into the PUF context. The sramAddr should
point to a NOLOAD linker section to preserve the power-on state. The
required size, WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES, scales with WC_PUF_NUM_CODEWORDS
(256 bytes at the default 16 codewords).
The readout is health tested with wc_PufCheckSram() before it is accepted.
A degenerate readout - typically a region already cleared by .bss init, the
common bring-up mistake of sampling after C runtime startup - is rejected
with PUF_READ_E, and the context is left unusable by wc_PufEnroll() and
wc_PufReconstruct(). The test catches degenerate shapes, not every
already-written region, so it does not remove the requirement to sample
from reset.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx or sramAddr is NULL
\return PUF_READ_E if sramSz < WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES, or if the readout fails
the health test
\param ctx pointer to wc_PufCtx structure
\param sramAddr pointer to raw SRAM memory region
\param sramSz size of SRAM buffer (must be >= WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES)
_Example_
\code
__attribute__((section(".puf_sram")))
static volatile uint8_t puf_sram[WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES];
wc_PufReadSram(&ctx, (const byte*)puf_sram, sizeof(puf_sram));
\endcode
\sa wc_PufInit
\sa wc_PufCheckSram
\sa wc_PufEnroll
\sa wc_PufReconstruct
*/
int wc_PufReadSram(wc_PufCtx* ctx, const byte* sramAddr, word32 sramSz);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Health test a candidate raw SRAM readout without loading it into a
context. Rejects a readout that cannot be SRAM power-on noise: any 128-bit
block that is all zero or all ones, any block that repeats the block before
it, or a total Hamming weight outside the WC_PUF_HW_MIN_PCT to
WC_PUF_HW_MAX_PCT band (default 35% to 65% of WC_PUF_RAW_BITS).
wc_PufReadSram() applies this test to every readout, so calling it directly
is only needed to qualify a candidate SRAM region during board bring-up, or
to report why a read was refused. onesCount is optional and is written
whenever the size check passes - including when the readout is then
rejected, so the measured bias of a rejected region is still available. It
is left untouched when sramAddr is NULL or sramSz is short.
\return 0 if the readout is plausible PUF material
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if sramAddr is NULL
\return PUF_READ_E if sramSz < WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES, or if the readout fails
any of the checks
\param sramAddr pointer to raw SRAM memory region
\param sramSz size of SRAM buffer (must be >= WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES)
\param onesCount optional; receives the number of one bits in the first
WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES of the readout, out of WC_PUF_RAW_BITS. Written whenever
sramAddr is non-NULL and sramSz is large enough, whatever the verdict. It
is a property of the raw PUF material, so treat it as a bring-up
measurement and do not report it from production firmware
_Example_
\code
word32 ones = 0;
ret = wc_PufCheckSram((const byte*)puf_sram, sizeof(puf_sram), &ones);
printf("PUF SRAM bias %u/%u ones, ret %d\n",
(unsigned)ones, (unsigned)WC_PUF_RAW_BITS, ret);
\endcode
\sa wc_PufReadSram
\sa wc_PufEnroll
*/
int wc_PufCheckSram(const byte* sramAddr, word32 sramSz, word32* onesCount);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Perform PUF enrollment. Encodes raw SRAM using the selected
BCH(127,k,t) profile (WC_PUF_BCH_T) and generates public helper data
(WC_PUF_HELPER_BYTES). After enrollment the context is ready for key
derivation and identity retrieval.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx is NULL
\return PUF_ENROLL_E if enrollment fails
\param ctx pointer to wc_PufCtx (must have SRAM data loaded)
_Example_
\code
wc_PufEnroll(&ctx);
XMEMCPY(helperData, ctx.helperData, WC_PUF_HELPER_BYTES);
\endcode
\sa wc_PufReadSram
\sa wc_PufReconstruct
\sa wc_PufDeriveKey
*/
int wc_PufEnroll(wc_PufCtx* ctx);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Reconstruct stable PUF bits from noisy SRAM using stored helper
data. BCH error correction corrects up to WC_PUF_BCH_T bit flips per
127-bit codeword. The helper data and build configuration must match the
enrollment that produced them.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx or helperData is NULL
\return PUF_RECONSTRUCT_E on failure (too many bit errors or helperSz
too small)
\param ctx pointer to wc_PufCtx (must have SRAM data loaded)
\param helperData pointer to helper data from previous enrollment
\param helperSz size of helper data (>= WC_PUF_HELPER_BYTES)
_Example_
\code
wc_PufReconstruct(&ctx, helperData, sizeof(helperData));
\endcode
\sa wc_PufEnroll
\sa wc_PufDeriveKey
\sa wc_PufGetIdentity
*/
int wc_PufReconstruct(wc_PufCtx* ctx, const byte* helperData, word32 helperSz);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Derive a cryptographic key from PUF stable bits using HKDF.
Uses SHA-256 by default, or SHA3-256 when WC_PUF_SHA3 is defined.
The info parameter provides domain separation for multiple keys.
Requires HAVE_HKDF.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx or key is NULL, or keySz is 0
\return PUF_DERIVE_KEY_E if PUF not ready or HKDF fails
\param ctx pointer to wc_PufCtx (must be enrolled or reconstructed)
\param info optional context info for domain separation (may be NULL;
when NULL, infoSz is treated as 0)
\param infoSz size of info in bytes
\param key output buffer for derived key
\param keySz desired key size in bytes
_Example_
\code
byte key[32];
const byte info[] = "my-app-key";
wc_PufDeriveKey(&ctx, info, sizeof(info), key, sizeof(key));
\endcode
\sa wc_PufEnroll
\sa wc_PufReconstruct
\sa wc_PufGetIdentity
*/
int wc_PufDeriveKey(wc_PufCtx* ctx, const byte* info, word32 infoSz,
byte* key, word32 keySz);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Retrieve the device identity hash (SHA-256 or SHA3-256 of stable
bits). Deterministic for a given device.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx or id is NULL
\return PUF_IDENTITY_E if PUF not ready or idSz < WC_PUF_ID_SZ
\param ctx pointer to wc_PufCtx (must be enrolled or reconstructed)
\param id output buffer for identity hash
\param idSz size of id buffer (>= WC_PUF_ID_SZ, 32 bytes)
_Example_
\code
byte identity[WC_PUF_ID_SZ];
wc_PufGetIdentity(&ctx, identity, sizeof(identity));
\endcode
\sa wc_PufEnroll
\sa wc_PufReconstruct
\sa wc_PufDeriveKey
*/
int wc_PufGetIdentity(wc_PufCtx* ctx, byte* id, word32 idSz);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Report the compile-time PUF profile parameters: field size m,
codeword length n, message length k, error-correction capability t, and
the number of codewords. Each output pointer is optional (may be NULL), but
an all-NULL call is treated as a usage error. Enrollment and reconstruction
firmware must agree on all of these (and the hash); persist
WC_PUF_PROFILE_ID (which also encodes the hash selection) with the helper
data and compare before reconstruction to detect a build mismatch.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if every output pointer is NULL
\param m optional output for the GF field exponent (7 for GF(2^7))
\param n optional output for the codeword length (127)
\param k optional output for the message length (per WC_PUF_BCH_T)
\param t optional output for the error-correction capability (WC_PUF_BCH_T)
\param numCodewords optional output for WC_PUF_NUM_CODEWORDS
_Example_
\code
int t, numCodewords;
wc_PufGetParams(NULL, NULL, NULL, &t, &numCodewords);
\endcode
\sa wc_PufEnroll
\sa wc_PufReconstruct
*/
int wc_PufGetParams(int* m, int* n, int* k, int* t, int* numCodewords);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Return the profile fingerprint the LIBRARY was compiled with. The
WC_PUF_PROFILE_ID macro necessarily reflects the including application's
own build, so comparing the two detects a library/application mismatch -
including a differing hash selection - that no length check can see.
\return the library's WC_PUF_PROFILE_ID
_Example_
\code
if (wc_PufGetProfileId() != WC_PUF_PROFILE_ID) {
/* library and application were built with different PUF settings */
}
\endcode
\sa wc_PufGetParams
\sa wc_PufReconstructEx
*/
word32 wc_PufGetProfileId(void);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Copy out the enrollment helper data. Use this rather than reading
wc_PufCtx.helperData directly: the size varies with the selected profile
and with WC_PUF_HELPER_COMPACT.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx or helper is NULL
\return PUF_ENROLL_E if the context is not enrolled, or helperSz is
less than WC_PUF_HELPER_BYTES
\param ctx pointer to an enrolled wc_PufCtx
\param helper output buffer for the helper data
\param helperSz size of helper in bytes (>= WC_PUF_HELPER_BYTES)
_Example_
\code
byte helper[WC_PUF_HELPER_BYTES];
wc_PufGetHelperData(&ctx, helper, sizeof(helper));
\endcode
\sa wc_PufEnroll
\sa wc_PufReconstructEx
*/
int wc_PufGetHelperData(wc_PufCtx* ctx, byte* helper, word32 helperSz);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Reconstruct as wc_PufReconstruct, but first check the caller's
stored profile id against the library's. Helper-data size does not depend
on t in the default layout, so the length check alone cannot detect helper
data enrolled by a differently configured build - which would otherwise
decode to a silently wrong key. Persist WC_PUF_PROFILE_ID alongside the
helper data at enrollment and pass it back here.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx or helperData is NULL, or profileId does not
match the library's profile
\return PUF_RECONSTRUCT_E on failure (too many bit errors or helperSz
too small)
\param ctx pointer to wc_PufCtx (must have SRAM data loaded)
\param helperData pointer to helper data from a previous enrollment
\param helperSz size of helper data (>= WC_PUF_HELPER_BYTES)
\param profileId the WC_PUF_PROFILE_ID recorded at enrollment
_Example_
\code
wc_PufReconstructEx(&ctx, helper, sizeof(helper), savedProfileId);
\endcode
\sa wc_PufReconstruct
\sa wc_PufGetProfileId
*/
int wc_PufReconstructEx(wc_PufCtx* ctx, const byte* helperData,
word32 helperSz, word32 profileId);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Securely zeroize all sensitive data in the PUF context using
ForceZero. Call when PUF is no longer needed.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx is NULL
\param ctx pointer to wc_PufCtx to zeroize
_Example_
\code
wc_PufZeroize(&ctx);
\endcode
\sa wc_PufInit
*/
int wc_PufZeroize(wc_PufCtx* ctx);
/*!
\ingroup PUF
\brief Inject synthetic SRAM test data for testing without hardware.
Only available when WOLFSSL_PUF_TEST is defined.
\return 0 on success
\return BAD_FUNC_ARG if ctx or data is NULL
\return PUF_READ_E if sz < WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES
\param ctx pointer to wc_PufCtx
\param data pointer to synthetic SRAM data
\param sz size of data (>= WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES)
_Example_
\code
byte testSram[WC_PUF_RAW_BYTES];
wc_PufSetTestData(&ctx, testSram, sizeof(testSram));
\endcode
\sa wc_PufInit
\sa wc_PufReadSram
*/
int wc_PufSetTestData(wc_PufCtx* ctx, const byte* data, word32 sz);